Golden Thread: The Art of Dressing from North Africa to the Far East

Guo Pei: 5 dresses embroidered with gold thread, 2024 , 15 people and 5 years 0f work reflecting the 5 directions Chinese culture: north, south, east, west and centre; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Golden Thread: The Art of Dressing from North Africa to the Far East
From 11.2 to 6 july 2025 at the Musée Du Quai Branly, Paris

Weavers and goldsmiths in the near and far East used their skill and talents to develop techniques for combining gold with textile fiber through weaving, embroidery and and printing, transforming simple cloths into exceptional fabrics.
Because of their organic nature and extreme fragility, few ancient textiles containing gold have ever been found. Such artifacts have been discovered in greatest abundance in the tombs of royalty, princes and nobles.Other luxurious fabrics adorned with gold, from the Byzantine Empire, Islamic world and China, reached Europe as early as the high Middle Ages, in the form of trade goods or diplomatic gifts. Intended for the elite and ecclesiastical dignitaries, some of these fabrics have been preserved in the treasuries of Western churches.
Gold was initially reserved for the rich and powerful, but rose in popularity over the centuries. Its use gradually spread to the textile arts throughout the Asian continent, and than to the Maghreb countries.
This exhibition was designed in close collaboration with Chinese fashion designer Guo Pei, whose sublime, luminous garments are in evidence throughout. It reveals the diversity and richness of women’s dress embroidered or woven in gold, from a vast region stretching from the Maghreb to Japan, via the countries of the Middle East, India and China.

So far the introduction text to this surprising exhibition in the Paris ethnographic museum „ Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac“. The surprise for me was the Chinese fashion designer Guo Pei whom I had never heard of before; one her creations, a wedding dress from 2024, took 5 years of work, involving 8 people and 30 techniques; 5 dresses embroidered with gold thread (also from 2024) took 15 people and 5 years of work; another creation (Autumn /Winter 2016) took 20.000 hours of work and 8 people to weave and embroider this dress!

Born in 1967 in China Guo Pei learned sewing and needle work from her mother. In the 1980s she launched „Rose Studio“, one of the first fashion workshops in China. Later she transitioned into haute couture, inspired by her countries history and the cultures of East and West, creating designs that blend silk, gemstones, feathers, pearls and especially gold! I could not believe what I was seeing, why didn’t I know her?
Funny enough a few days later, a Swiss friend visiting HongKong did send me photos of her work in the M+ Museum in Hong Kong, a museum for visual culture. As surprising as her work in Paris. He also wrote that she is working together with embroiderer designer Martin Leuthold ( Jakob Schlaepfer fashion fabrics), the result was exhibited in „Golden Thread“, another fine example of the high art this designer has reached in the embroidery industry, this time for this exceptional Chinese designer working with hand-embroidery. I was torn between admiration and the touch of kitsch I felt in her work, but it was stunning and fantastic kitsch anyway! 

There also was one more surprising designer , inspired by gold after a travel to Egypt seeing all the gold in the tombs of the pharaohs , John Galliano for Christian Dior, Spring/Summer 2004

I liked the exhibition very much as it gave answers to such questions as where gold comes from (apparently from a collision of two planets long before our planet existed!). Also materials that looked like gold , as sea-silk (from the Pina Nobilis) and spider silk(FromNephila madagascariensis) producing gold-colored threads!

It was very well exposed and even though it was a very large exhibition, it was easy to keep track of the story of gold through the centuries and the continents from Asia to North Africa and Europe.

I did not buy the catalogue, as my luggage was already to heavy, but am going to order it. I include a photo of the cover, it seems to be in French only, published by the Musée Du Quay Branly together with Skira publishers (available at the museum at Euro 47). I could not find it at Amazon.

Guo Pei: One of the 5 dresses embroidered with gold threads, 2024, 15 people and 5 years 0f work reflecting the 5 directions Chinese culture: north, south, east, west and centre; photo Beatrijs Sterk
The Chasuble of Sanit-Yves, Andalusia, 12th -13 th century is the oldest known example woven with thin strips of gilded membrane (animal gut); photo Beatrijs Sterk
Kimono uschikake, Gifu, Japan, !8th century, three-dimensional silk embroidery, gold and silver in this emboidery is coated on paper; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Gut Pei, China: Spring/Summer 2017, Couture collection:Legends, Dress woven with metal thread imported from Switzerland (cooperation with designer Martin Leuthold ) , embroidery with gold thread, decorated with handemboidred metal plates, Swarovski crystals and rhinestones; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Ceremonial caftan, Fes, Morocco, 16th -20th century, silk Lampas, gold and silver metallic threads; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Ceremonial vests , Tunisia , end 1th – 20th century. silk , cotton, wool, metallic thread in gold and silver, sequins, beads, velvet; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Ceremonial vest, Tunisia , end 1th – 20th century. silk , cotton, wool, metallic thread in gold and silver, sequins, beads, velvet; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Gut Pei;China: Spring/Summer 2008, an Amazing Journey in a Childhood Dream Collection; vest made of silk, embroidered with silk and silver, Swarovski crystals and rhinestones; skirt made in silk plissée, embroidered with silk and silver, Swarovski crystals and rhinestone; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Sea Silk: the golden filaments of Pina nobilis, the noble pen shell, since the 15th century this filaments attaching the shell to the ocean floor, has been known as “byssus”; photo from the exhibition
Weaving of seasilk in Italy, this was not written in the exhibition but as far as I know, only in Italy there is still a weaver working with golden seasilk; photo from the exhibition
Wedding dress,Cairo, Egypt, mid-19th century, velvet, silk, golden metallic threads, in Ottoman fashion; photo Beatrijs Sterk
From the 18th century on, women of the Ottoman elite started to wear a wedding dress made from velvet and decorated with intricate foliage gold thread, giving this garment its name of” bindalli” meaning thousand branches. The fashion for this dress spread throughout the Ottoman world in the 19th century; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Wedding dresses”zanna” from Yemen , around 1930, silk, metallic thread in gold and silver; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Guo Pei, China: one Thousand and Two Collection, 2009; pants: silk metal thread, crystals, top: silk organza; headdress: kupfer, crystals; shoes: leather ans wood; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Guo Pei, China: one Thousand and Two Collection, 2009; pants: silk metal thread, crystals, top: silk organza; headdress: kupfer, crystals; shoes: leather ans wood; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Colourful dresses from the Arabian Peninsula; after the emergence of Islam in the 7th century, Arab sailors and merchants began trading along the coast of the Indian Ocean as far as China. Luxury goods, including gold-woven silks and brocades from India , Persia and China came into the ports of the Arabian Peninsula to be used for the markets in the Levant and Europe, or used for the clothing of sovereigns and their entourages; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Dress Thob al-nashal, Bahrain, mid 20th century, silk muslin, sequins, golden metallic thread; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Guo Pei, China: Couture Collection Courtyard, Spring/Summer 2016, dress: silk; cape: silk organza, ostrich feathers, gold embroidery, Swarovski crystals, rhinestones; photo Beatrijs Sterk
In the second half of the 19th century, researchers drew attention spiders from Madagascar, particularly “Nephila madagascaeiensis”, whose strong , golden yellow could be woven; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Wedding set “Chaugoshia”, Hyderabad, India, first half of the 20th century, for the wedding of a noble woman, or for the financing ceremony of a young girl. The gold-plated silver thread used in weaving and embroidery is made from a silk thread , called the core, around which a silver strip coated with gold is twisted; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Guo Pei, China: Couture Collection : Himalaya, Spring/Summer 2020; dress: silk, polyester, embroidery with silk, gold and silver, beads covered with silk, cotton, feathers, Swarovski crystals, rhinestones and beads, headdress: copper; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Guo Pei, China: Couture Collection : Himalaya, Spring/Summer 2020; dress: silk, polyester, embroidery with silk, gold and silver, beads covered with silk, cotton, feathers, Swarovski crystals, rhinestones and beads, headdress: copper; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Wedding tunic, mid 20th century, Jakarta, Indonesia; made of a fabric imported from India or China, artificial silk, twieted metal-plastic blades and artificial silk threads; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Gold and silk Attire in East Asia; China:gold has never ceased to fascinate throughout the dynasties. From the 3rd. century on, silk made with metallic thread was highly popular with Silk Road merchants. Gold thread embroidery was practiced in imperial workshops of the Tang dynasty (618 – 907) and flourished under the Quing dynasty (1644 – 1912). most often symbols of dignity were woven and embroidered with metallic thread , most often silk yarn around which thin stripes of gold are woundr; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Chasuble xiapei, China , early 20th century; embroidered silk satin, organic thread gold-coated, silk thread, golden lamellae, multicolored fringes; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Japan: wedding coat “uchikake”, second half of the 20th century; damask silk, stencil printing (katazome),metallic gold; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Guo Pei, China:Legend of the Dragon Collection, 2012; cape: silk, Jacquard woven, embroidery in silk, gold and silver, it took over 3000 hours to make this dress and cape by hand ; photo Beatrijs Sterk
John Galliano For Christian Dior: Haute couture Sprin/Summer 2004, embroidered with gold patterns; Galliano was inspired by a travel to Egypt he made in 2003. Gold was used in Egypt, where the first gold mines were exploited ; photo Beatrijs Sterk
Guo Pei, China: Traditional Chinese gold wedding outfit, underwear, embroidered vest, pants:gold thread embroidery, leather, silk ; photo Beatrijs Sterk
The exhibition catalogue: Au Fil de L’Or – L’Art de se Vêtir de L’orient au Soleil-Levat – avec Guo Pei